Type-writing machine



(No Model.)

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J Patented Oct. 21,189.

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(No Model.) 3SheetsSheet 2. E. F. YOUNGS. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 438,971. Patented Oct. 21, 1890.

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E. P. YO'UNGS.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 438,971. Patented Oct. 21, 1890.

IN VE /V TUR:

ATTHNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE..y

EDVARD F. YOUNGS, OF VEST CAMP, YORK.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 438,971, dated October 21,1890. Application filed .Tvulykllq 1889. Serial No. 317,229. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.:

Be it known that I, EDWARD F. YOUNGS, of Vest Camp,in the county of Ulster and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Type-Writer, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description'.

My invention hasv for its object to provide a simple,inexpensive, and efficient type-writing machine which may be manipulated by one hand of the operator and allow unobstructed View of the printed characters irnmediately they are made; to provide for quick detect-ion ot' errors and allow verification of the work as it proceeds, and which will be rapid and comparatively noiseless in action and allow the use of upper and lowercase and special type characters at will.

The invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts of the type-writer, all as hereinafter described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this speciiication, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved Y type-writer. Fig. 2 is a central Vertical section of the machine, taken on the lines 'l l in Figs. l and 9, and with the parts in normal position. 3 and 4. are respectively side and bottom plan views of the carriage-latch trip-lever. Fig. 5 is a central vertical sectional view of the machine when taking an impression. Fig. 6 is a detail plan View with parts in horizontal section on the line 2 2 in Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a detail front view of the carriage-feed and latch mechanism. Fig. 8 is a vertical transverse section taken on the line 3 3 in Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a plan viewof the type-writer. Fig. lO is a detail sectional side View showing a modified arrangement of the type characters, and Fig. ll is a partial plan view thereof.

The type-writer is preferably supported by its metal bed-plate A upon any suitable baseplate a, which may be made of wood or other suitable material. The bed-plate has a central boss a', to which is fixed a vertical round post B, which is tubular or hollow, and carries iixedly at its upper end a head C, which is preferably made with a hub, which fits the post, and four radial arms. The type-wheel D is fitted looselyT on the post B below the head C and rests on a loose collar e, whichis sustained on a spring E, which is preferably of spiral form and is iitted around the post and upon a collar e', which is fitted loosely on the post. This collar e rests freely upon the forked inner end f of the type-wheel lever F, which is fulcrumed at f to an arm G,Which is also iitted loosely onto the post B above the bed-plate boss a', and is thus free to turn horizontally around the post. A collar g is held to the post above the arm G, and preferably by a screw g', which also holds to the inside of the post B a bushing h', which serves as a guide to the stem h of a bent arm or yoke H, which actuates the paper-carriageopposite slots b b in the post B, and also through a head h3, fixed to the stem h of the carriage-operating yoke H. The yoke-head h3 is connected by a'link fi with a couple of toggle bars or levers '12 t', the outer end of one of which is connected to the post-head C, while the outer end of the other bar is pivoted to a plunger or slide I, which is iitted for radial movement in an arm c of the head, and

is adapted to press the type CZ on the wheel D to a sheet of paper held on the impressionroll or platen J of the machine. The togglebars c" work through slots made in the post B and head C. The type may be produced on the upper edge and outer face of two strips cl of rubber or other elastic material, which are iiXed in any suitable manner to a peripheral flange of the type-Wheel, said strips being slit between the type characters to allow the slide I to press them flat and easily to the impression-roller or the paper thereon. One ot these strips d is shown in Fig. l at one side of the dotted line 1 l and the other on the opposite side of said line. The ends of the two strips meet at points diametrically IOO opposite to the spaces d2 d2, Fig. 1, and thus a continuous band or strip is formed. Capitals or upper-case type characters are produced on one of the two rubber' type strips or plates, and small letters orlower-case characters are produced on the other of the two type strips, ordinary punctuation-mark type characters being produced on both the strips. Each type-strip at is center is devoid of a type character or has a space d2, which will not produce an imprint when the plungerslideI ismoved outward, thus allowing spacing of words or sentences by the operation of the type-wheel lever, as hereinafter explained, Instead of using these rubber or flexible typecharacter strips, which are shown in Figs. l, 2, 5, and 9 of the drawings, I may make each type character separately and upon a flexible bar or plate d3 of metal, which yields forward by the pressure of the slide I to imprint the paper held on the impression-roll J, and as will be understood from Figs. lO and 11 of the drawings. Two of these separate metal type characters will be omitted to assure spacing of the words as the type-wheel lever is depressed for this purpose.

The spring E has sufficient resistance to compression to cause it to raise the type-wheel D from the normal position shown in Fig. 9, when the leverF is depressed at its outer end and lifts the collar c by its inner forked end. The rising type-wheel stops against the head C, 4which is provided with a pin c, which enters a countersunk hole c2 in the wheel, which is behind the type cha-racter brought to the printing-point, and as there is one of these holes c2 in the type-wh eel for every type character on the wheel it is obvious that whatever type be brought to the printing-point it will be accurately held immediately in front of the plunger-slide I, so that as the depression of the type-wheel lever F is continued after the type-wheel strikes the head C the spring E will be compressed, while the link and toggle bars i t" 'i' carry the slide I forward against the raised type and press it to the paper on the roller J behind the wheel, this operation being shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings.

It will be remembered that the type-wheel D is loose on the post B, and the collar e is loose upon the pendent hub of the type-wheel, and that the upper end of the spring E is preferably lixed in the collar e and its lower end rests freely on the collare. Hence there is nothing to prevent the free turning of the type-wheel on the post B as an axis of motion and on the upper collare, while the lower collar e is held against turning by the pin e?, which passes through the slots t) of the post, and as the type-lever fork f always bears against the under side or face of the collar e the entire arm G and the attached lever F are free to swing around on the post B.

An elbow-lever K is fulcrumed at its angle to the outer upper part of the arm G, and its upper inner end 7s is pressed `by a spring k against the margin of the type-wheel D, so as to enter one of two diarnetrically-opposite notches d4 d5 in the wheel, while the outer lower part of this lever is formed as a ring or plate finger-piece 7a2, which stands a little behind the tinger-pieoe f2 of the lever F. When the finger-piece k2 of the lever K is depressed, this lever will be withdrawn from the typewheel notch to allow the wheel to be turned half-way around, so that the lever K may be engaged with its other or opposite notch. The type characters are so arranged on the wheel that when the lever K is engaged with the wheel-notch d4 the half-circle of lowercase characters will be presented to the impressionroller J, and when the lever K is engaged with the wheel-notch d5 the half-circle of uppercase characters will face the roller. Whichever notch d4 or d5 the lever K is engaged with, it is obvious that by turning the arm G on the post by pressing the type-wheel lever F laterally to either side the type-wheelwi1l be turned likewise to bring any desired type character to the printing-point. A pointerL, fixed to the upper end of the swinging arm G, works over or around an index-plate M, which is held to the head C on the shaft B, and is marked with the type characters, as shown in Fig. 9, and when the lever F and arm G are turned around to bring the pointer L over any desired type character on the plate M this character will be brought directly in front of the plunger-slide I, which when the lever F is depressed will carry the type against the paper on the impression-roller. The index-plate M also is marked twice with the word space, and when the pointer is swung around over either of these words one of the blank places d2 on the type-strips or a portion of the type-wheel not provided with a yielding metal type character will be brought opposite the slide I, which, when carried outward, will then not cause an imprint on the paper. It is manifest if the lever K be engaged with the type-wheel notch d4 and the series of lower-case characters then face the impression-roller that any one of these characters or special characters at one side or half of the type-wheel face may be brought to the printing-point by moving the pointer L over the index-plate M to indicate said characters, and if a capital or other special character at the opposite side or half of the type-wheel face is required it may be most conveniently brought to the printing-point by irst swinging the arm G around by turning the lever F eitherto the right or left hand until the pointer L is over one of the space marks on the index-plate M, and then depressing the lever F to lift the type-wheel D to the head C and lock it against turning by the engagement of the head-pin c with a hole c2 in the wheel. As a space d2 of the type strip d is now opposite the plunger L, no imprint would be made on the paper by the forward movement of the plunger caused by the aforesaid depression ofthe lever F to lock the type-wheel at cc2. This being done,

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the lever K will be tripped from the typewheel notch d4, and While the lever F is held depressed to maintain the locked position of the type-wheel the lever, together with the arm G and lever K, will be swung around until the lever K stands opposite the other notch d5 of the type-wheel, whereupon t-he lever K will be released and will enter this notch, and the machine is now ready to print the capital or special characters. Lower or upper case characters may thus be brought as required to the printing-point by one hand only of the operator, and the indexplate need extend butvhalf-way around the type-wheel, or a little more, and a range of movement of like extent only be required of the type-wheel lever, thus leaving the entire rear or farther part of the type-wheel uncovered and giving a clear View of the printing mechanism t-o the operator. It will also be noticed that immediately after each imprint and as the type-lever F is released and caused to resume its normal position by the spring E the type-wheel D descends by gravity and leaves the last printed or written characters clearly visible to the operator, who thus may verify the work as it proceeds. If desired, a plate-spring E (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 of the drawings and held to the lever F or a lug thereon) may be used instead of the spiral spring E, above described.

To the upper but relatively stationary eollar e, on which the lowered type-wheelD rests, is fixed an arm n', which extends radially to the periphery of the wheel, where it carries a laterally-extending plate N, which at its central upwardly-extending part is provided with a notch or opening n, through which the type characters on the raised wheel D will be pushed to the paper by the slide l when the lever F is depressed. This plate N serves as a guard to prevent any other than the intended type character being carried to the paper, and serves also as a shield to prevent soiling by the type of the paper as it is passed up between the ordinary clamp or clip plate j, held next the impression-roller J, and under a cross bar or rod j', which ranges along the upper side of the roller. l further utilize the plate N as a support or bearing for two inking-rollers O O, which may be supplied with inkin any preferred manner, and against which the faces of the type press to ink the type as the type-wheel D is turned by the levers F K.

The paper-carriage P is made with two L- shaped end pieces, which at their upper ends sustain the impression-roller J and the paper clip and rod jj', and at their lower parts the carriage end pieces are fixed to two parallel rods p p. The rod p slides in a long bearing a3 on the bed-plate A, and the rod p slides in a shorter bearing a4, and is provided at its upper face with teeth forming a rack in which a pawl R operates to shift the carriage, as presently explained. These parallel rods p p and their bearings allow lateral movement of the carriage for spacing the printed letters and words, but prevent backward movement of the impression-roller, which thus is sustained against impact of the type on the paper.

The carriage-shifting pawl R,which engages the rack p, is provided with a laterally-extending arm r, which at its upper end carries iixedly a forwardly-projecting pin r', which enters a slot h4 in the upper end or head of the rear part h5 of the yoke H, which is raised by the type-wheel lever F, as hereinbefore described. This pin r also pivots to the pawl-arm r the central partof a lever S,

which ranges laterally, and at one end is fulcruined at s to lugs on the bearing a4, and at its other end carries a pawl s, which is free to swing downward, but resists upward pressure, and is adapted to be held by a spring s2 against an upper lip or shoulder of the lever. A latch-pawl T, which is fulcrumed at t2 to lugs on the bearing at and ranges at about right angles to the rack p and lever S, is provided with a laterally-projecting lip t, which is beveled underneath and normally overlies the free end of the pawl s of the lever S, and the opposite or rear end t of the latch T is normally held by a spring t3 into engagement with the carriage rack p. A cranked rod U,wbich extends laterally across between the end pieces of the carriage, always underlies the rear ends of the pawl R and latch T, both of which may at any time be simultaneously disengaged from the rack p by depressing the finger-piece u of the rod U to allow the carriage to be freely shifted to the right or left by hand for quickly setting the carriage and paper thereon in any required relation to the point of impression of the type. Vith this construction it is obvious that during the depression of the typewlieel lever F to cause the imprint on the paper, as above described, the yoke H will be lifted against the tension of the spring h2, and the lower wall of the yoke-slot h4 will by action ou the pin r of pawlRmove this pawl to the right hand the distance of one tooth of the carriage-rack p, and the lever S will at the same time be lifted to swing its yielding pawl s above the latch T, and after the impression of the type is made by the slide I and pressure on the lever F is relaxed the spring hzwill in expanding carry the slide I back from the type and will simultaneously lower thel yoke H. During the first part of the downward motion of the yoke its slot h4 allows full retraction of the slide l and withdrawal of the type from the paper to preventblurring of the last imprint before the top wall of the slot h4 strikes the pawl-pin r',

and when this contact takes place the first IOC IIO

the paper. The lever S, being longer than the pawl-arm r, causes the lever to trip the latch T from the rack p in ample time to allow the pawl-arm to feed the carriage one space, and as the lever-pawl s trips the latch T it passes below the pawl-lip tto normal position. At the completion of one line of printing the hand-wheel 3'2 of the im pressionroller J will be turned to rotate the roll to carry the paper forward, and the roll will be locked again bythe usual pawl jg engaging a ratchet on the roll-shaft, and by depressing the inger-plate u to raise the cranked center part of the rod Uthe pawl Randlatch T will be disengaged from the carriage-rack p to allow quick setting of the carriage and paper by hand, as hereinbefore explained. During the first part of the next depression of the lever F the pawl s of the lever S will again be lifted above the latch Tas the spring s2 yields, and the latch T will remain engaged with the carriage-rack 19, to be disengaged therefrom the next time the lever S is depressed by the yoke. It will be seen that the prompt withdrawal of the impression-slide I from the type and consequent withdrawal of the type from the paper before the pawl R is actuated to shift the carriage absolutely prevents blurring of the imprints, and that the latch T securely locks the carriage against movement while the imprint is being made. Hence a clear sharp impression is always obtained, and after the imprint is made the type-wheel falls, to fully expose the last-printed character to the operator.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination, with the impressionroller or platen, of a stationary vertical post, a horizontal rotary type-wheel movable vertically on said post, the wheel normally resting with the type below7 the printing-point, a typeoperating mechanism within the periphery of the type-wheel, and a lever connected with said type-wheel for throwing it vertically into position and simultaneously actuating the type-operating mechanism, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the impression roller or platen, of a vertical post, a type-plunger on the upper end or head thereof, a horizontal rotary type-wheel provided with peripheral teeth and movable vertically on said post to bring the type between the plunger and roller or platen, and alever for elevating the type-wheel and simultaneously actuating the said plunger, substantially as set forth.

3. In a type-writer, the combination, with a post and aiixed head thereon provided with a guide-pin, of a rotatory type-wheel fitted loosely on the post for movement bodily at an angle with the plane of movement of the parts making the impression, and provided with series of holes opposite to the type and to which the guide-pin of the post-head is adapted, a plunger on the post-head, a slide in the post, connections, 'substantially as described, between the plunger and slide, an arm on the post, and a lever fulcrumed to said arm, adapted to lift the typc-wheel bodily and then cause projection of the type to the printing-point by the plunger, substantially as herein set forth.

Il. In a type-writer, the combination, with the post B, having a'head C provided with a plunger I, of a wheel D, carrying iiexible peripheral type, an arm G and collar e on the post, a slide h3 in the post, a pin e2, connecting the parts e h3, alever F, fulcrumed to the arm G and bearing on the collar e', a spring interposed between said collar and the typewheel, and link and toggle connections between the slide h3 and the plunger I, substantially as herein set forth.

5. In a type-writer, the combination, with a post or support, a head thereon provided with a type-index plate, and a wheel loose on the post having peripheral type of two classes at opposite sides or parts and provided also with two opposite notches or detents, of an arm pivoted to the post, a lever fulcrnmed to said arm and adapted to the type wheel notches or detents, and a pointer held to the arm and ranging along the index-plate, substantiallyas described,whereby both classes of type characters may be selected and brought to the printing-point by engaging the lever alternately with the two opposite type-wheel notches, and the one index-plate will serve for either of the two classes of type characters, as herein set forth.

6. In a type-writer, the combination, with the post B, having a head C provided with a plunger I, of a wheel D, carrying iiexible peripheral type, an arm G and collar e on the post, a slide 71,3 in the post, a pin e2, connecting the parts c h3, a lever F, fulcrumed to the arm G and bearing on the collar e', a spring interposed between the collar and the typewheel, a lever K, fulcrumed to the arm G and engaging one of two opposite notches or detents on the type-wheel, and link and toggle connections between the slide h3 and plunger I, substantially as herein set forth.

7 In a type-writer, the combination,witha post B, having a head O provided with a plunger I, of a wheel D, carrying iiexible pcripheral type of two classes, an arm G and collar e on the post, a spring interposed between the collar and the type-wheel, a slide h3 in the post, link and toggle connections between the parts h3 I, a lever F on the arm G, and bearing on the collar c', a lever K on the arm G and engaging one of two opposite notches or detents on the type-wheel, an index-plate M on the post-head, and a pointer L on the arm G, ranging along the plate M, substantially as herein set forth.

8. In atype-writer, the combination, witha post or support and a rotary type-wheel movable vertically thereon, of a guard-plate sustained between the type-wheel face and the impression-roll or platen movable vertically ICO With the type-Wheel, and provided With a notch through which the type characters pass to make the imprint, said plate provided also with an inking roller or rollers With which the type-faces come in contact as the Wheel is rotated to bring the proper character to the printing-point, substantially as herein set forth.

9. In a type-Writer, the combination, With the post B, having a head C provided with a plunger I, a collar e', a spring E, a collar e, and the type-Wheel D loose on the post above the collar e and provided with flexible peripheral type, of a plate N, sustained from the collar e and provided with a central notch n, allowing projection of the type by the plunger, and type-inking rollers O, sustained by the plate N, substantially as herein set forth.

10. In a type-Writer, the combination, with a post or guide, a papercarriage, and an impression-roll or platen on the carriage, of a rotary type Wheel movable bodily to the printing-point at an angle With the plane of movement of the parts making the impression, a slide in the post, and provided with a stem forming part of a yoke extending beyond the post, said yoke provided at its outer part with a vertical slot, means, substantially as described, connecting the post, slide, and plunger, an arm pivoted t-o the post, a lever fulcrumed to said arm and adapted to carry the type-Wheel and its flexible peripheral type to the printing-point, a pawl having a pin entering the Vertical slot of the yoke and engaging the rack of the paper-carriage, and a spring normally retracting the yoke, substantially as described, whereby as the type- Wheel is first lifted by its operating-lever it Will be carried to the post head or stop and the type Will thenbe proj ectedfor imprint, and as the yoke is retracted the plunger will be withdrawn and the type-Wheel then lowered and the paper-carriage then fed laterally to space the imprints, as herein set forth.

11. In a type-Writer, the combinatiomwith a post or support, a type-Wheel thereon, a type-Wheel lever, and a yoke connected to said lever to be lifted thereby as the type- Wheel is operated, and provided with a slot h4 and a retracting-spring, of a paper-car'- riage having a platen and rack, a lever fulcrumed near the rack, and a pawl R, engaging the rack and fulcrumed to said lever by a pin r entering the yoke-slot h4, substantially as herein set forth.

12. In a typewriter, the combination, with the post B, having a head C provided with a plunger I, a type-wheel D, having iiexible peripheral type and placed loosely on' the post, a yoke H, having a stem h, and slidehead h3, and a vertical slot h4, a spring h2, normally retracting or depressing the yoke, link and toggle connections between the yokehead h3 and the plunger I, a collar e on the post B, a pin e2, connecting the parts e h3, a spring interposed between the collar e and the type-Wheel, an arm G, pivoted to the post, a lever F on the arm and bearing on the collar e', a paper-carriage having an impressionroller or platen and a rack, a lever S, fulcrumed near the rack, and a pawl R, engaging said rack and fulcrumed to the lever S by a pin 1" entering the slot h" of the yoke H, all arranged for operation substantially as herein set forth.

13. In a type-Writer, the combination, with a post or support, a type-Wheel thereon, a type-Wheel lever, and a yoke lifted by said lever as the type-wheel is operated, and provided with a slot h4 and a retracting-spring, of a paper-carriage having a platen and rack, a lever S, fulcrumed near the rack and pro'- vided with a yielding latch s, a pawl R, engaging the rack and fulcrumed to the lever S by a pin fr entering the yoke-slot h4, and a latch normally engaging the rack and disengaged therefrom by the lever-latch s, substantially as herein set forth.

14. In a type-Writer, the combination, with a post or support, a typewheel thereon, a type-Wheel lever, and a yoke lifted by said lever as the type-Wheel is operated, and provided with a slot h4 and a retracting-spring, of a paper-carriage having a platen and rack, a lever fulcrumed near the rack, a paWl R, engaging the rack and fulcrumed to said lever by a pin r entering the yoke-slot h4, and

a cranked rod U, adapted to lift the pawl from the rack, substantially as herein setforth.

15. In a type-Writer, the combination, With a post or support, a type-Wheel thereon, a type-Wheel lever, and a yoke lifted by said lever as the type-Wheel is operated, and provided with a slot h4 and a retracting-spring, of a paper-carriage having a platen and rack, a lever S, having a latch s, a pawl R, engaging the rack and fulcrumed to the lever S by a pin r entering the yoke-slot h4, a latch T, normally'engaging the rack, and a cranked rod U, disengaging the pawl R and latch T A from the rack, substantially as herein set forth.

EDWARD F. YOUNGS. Witnesses:

GEORGE W. BATEs, ELDoM F. HAINEs.

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